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Kearney Mansion Museum
The Kearney Mansion Museum is
just 7 miles from downtown Fresno and contains two buildings, the
main house and adjacent servants' quarters, and was built in 1903.
The buildings were designed in the French Renaissance architectural
style and constructed with the numerous materials that were
available in the area. The Victorian stock moldings were all built
by the employees of M. Theo Kearney and have two foot thick walls of
unstabilized adobe brick, covered over by a thin coating of plaster
so that it would be waterproof. The rectangular structures are
topped by a complex roof structure that was influenced by the Schwab
residence in New York City, that was also a copy of the Chateau de
Chenonceaux. With high roofs, elaborate pinnacles, dormer windows,
simple ridgemolding and lofty chimneys that have made wonderful and
picturesque skyline. The insides of both structures contain the
ordinary Victorian details for crown moldings, trim, stair railings
and fireplaces. The wall finishing's in the main house were imported
from France, designed by Kearney's suggestions of colorful and
detailed scenic adaptations for the wallpapers. Theo wanted to make
these part of a bigger complex that would be called Chateau Fresno
and got numerous architects that included Maurice Hebert, Thomas E.
Collcutt and Willis Polk to design it all. The mansion that stands
there today was not the primary residence that Kearney desired, but
instead was to be the caretaker's lodge; but he lived there until
his much more elaborate chateau was finished. He passed on in 1906,
and this was all that was completed. The mansion museum is run by
the Fresno City and County Historical Society and showcases over
half the original furnishings that include the wallpapers from
France and the special art nouveau light fixtures. Copies of the
carpeting and other wallpapers were used where the original was
lost. The servants' quarters is where the museum store is. The small
estate is located in the 225 acre Chateau Fresno Park, that was
changed to Kearney Park, and started by Kearney in 1892. The well
known American architect, Rudolph Ulrich, came from New York to lay
out the design of the park and the boulevard that goes up to it.
During the following 14 years, Kearney transformed the flat and bare
land into one of the most exotic parks in the nation today. As the
century turned, the park could have contained more varieties of
trees, shrubs, roses and vines than any other park in the country,
and the San Francisco Chronicle said it was the most beautiful park
on the west coast. The exquisite 11 mile long boulevard that runs
from downtown Fresno to the park was lined with 18,000 pink and
white oleanders entwined in between the alternating palms and
eucalyptus. Kearney was a major contributor to the agricultural
development of the county and state, starting his career in Fresno
by managing the Central California Colony development for W. S.
Chapman and Bernard Marks of San Francisco. He created a subdivision
system that included all the fencing and irrigation for the lots and
had them given cooperatively. That way, the middle class farmers
that came here could begin their farming without actually having to
give a huge amount of money right up front. He would later promote
numerous developments by himself, and these included the Fruit Vale
Estate to the west and the Easterby Colony to the east of the city.
He advertised the Fresno county all around, using different
attractive promotional pamphlets that depicted Fresno as the next
Garden of Eden. During the period from 1898 to 1905, he became
associated with the California Raisin Growers Association, striving
to stabilize the industry with a tight knit association, eliminating
middle men and improving the product for the market. Although at the
time, it looked like his efforts didn't work, the Sun Maid Raisin
Company was subsequently begun on a lot of his managerial
principles. By 1899, he had already decided to leave his estate to
the Regents of the University of California, hoping they would raise
a college of agriculture there, using the chateau as an
administration building and the park as the campus. When he passed,
he had an estate worth $1.5 million and 5400 acres of farm land. The
university had sold all the land except for that located in the
park, by 1949, and that was leased to the county and then in 1962,
the mansion was leased to the city and county historical society to
be used as a museum.
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