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Staatsburgh State Historic Site
The Staatsburgh State Historic
Site preserves a beautiful beaux-arts mansion that is considered one
of the best examples of the great estates that were constructed
during the Gilded Age; located in the hamlet of Staatsburgh, New
York. In 1792, Morgan Lewis, then governor of New York, bought an
estate of 334 acres, and had a magnificent mansion constructed on it
of a colonial style house. This house would be destroyed by fire in
1832, which many believed was the act of an arson that was done by
unhappy tenant farmers. After the great fire, Morgan and his wife,
Gertrude Livingston, the sister of Robert Livingston, had the
mansion rebuilt, only this time it would be a Greek revival style
mansion with 25 rooms. In 1890, the great-granddaughter of Morgan,
Ruth Livingston Mills, and the mother of Ogden L. Mills, later the
Secretary of the Treasury, inherited the estate. She and her
husband, financier and philanthropist Ogden Mills, commissioned a
remodeling and enlargement for the mansion, with principal architect
Stanford White. The work began in 1895, and when finished the next
year, had transformed the house into a beaux arts mansion that
contained 65 rooms, 23 fireplaces and 14 bathrooms. The cost was
believed to have been $350,000 and part of the construction included
in creating a coal-powered electricity plant that was built by the
Hudson River and gave the house electric power. This would also run
the central heating that had been installed as part of the
construction also. The mansion would be used for entertainment and
as a part-time residence since the family owned five houses
altogether. During the fall period when they lived here, there would
be great parties, dinners and balls. Just before she passed on, Ruth
began buying the lands around her property, and afterwards, in 1920,
her husband would continue on, making the estate's land mass to more
than 1600 acres. In 1929, it became the property of Ogden L. Mills
and when he passed on in 1937, it went to his sister, Gladys Mills
Phipps. Gladys donated the house and 192 acres of the land to the
state in 1938, as a memorial to her parents.
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Garrison - Boscobel Restoration
Boscobel is a wonderful estate
that looks out over the Hudson River and was constructed in the
early 19th century by States Dyckman and is an excellent example of
the Federal style of American architecture that is complemented by
Dyckman's large collection of period antiques, decorations and
furniture. It has become a marvelous historic house museum and
popular tourist destination. It originally sat in the Westchester
County village of Montrose, but when restoration started in the
mid20th century, it would be moved 15 miles upriver to where it sits
today, just a mile south of Cold Spring, New York. The mansion's
most prominent feature is the unique styling conveyed by the front
facade and the ornamentation on it. Quite unusual in Federal style
houses, the carved wooden swags that look like drapes, even with
tassels and bowknots, sit atop the second-story balcony. One third
of the face is glass, with thinner and bigger contemporary panels
used to enhance the existing light. The windows are recessed a
little, and the front clapboards are tightly fitted together and
matched to make them look like masonry. There haven't been too many
changes since the original construction, although a rear entrance
and stairway were added during the 1958 renovation to bring it up to
current fire codes, and the basement that was dirt floored is now a
visitor's bathroom. Dyckman was a descendant of the early Dutch
settlers that had come to Manhattan, and been able to keep his
family fortune, although he was an active Loyalist and worked in the
British Army's Quartermaster Corps for the majority of the war. When
Sir William Erskine, the Quartermaster General went back to England
in 1779 to answer charges of war profiteering, he asked Dyckman to
come along. Dyckman would stay in England for 10 years, taking part
in other investigations of quartermasters and came back to a new
independent United States in 1789. During his stay in London, he
became associated with many rich members of the society and got
their tastes, especially for the neoclassical structures of Robert
Adam. He would purchase many decorative items and furnishings, like
the Wedgewood dinner service and then had them shipped back to the
states with him. The interest on a large annuity given him by Sir
William, would be used to construct a large estate on 250 acres by
Montrose and named it Boscobel. One biographers stated that Dyckman
fancied himself as a "conspicuously well-fixed farmer, surrounded
with objects of taste..who did not farm too seriously". He soon
married Elizabeth Corne, daughter of another loyalist family, in
1794 and within a year, faced money problems. This was due to the
fact that Erskine's heirs stopped the annuity when Sir William
passed on and because of his expensive tastes and generous gifts to
poorer members of his family reduced his financial standing
dramatically. He would return to England to change his
fortunes and came back to the states in much better shape. He
started building the mansion he had always dreamed about but passed
on before it was finished, in 1806, although his widow would have it
completed and she and her surviving son would move in in 1808. The
mansion stayed in the family until 1920 and during the next 35 years
would go through various owners before being slated for demolition.
In 1955, the Friends of Boscobel would save the house just before it
was to be destroyed by a contractor who had bid $35 to knock it
down. A year later, it was moved to Cold Spring and using
photographs from the Historic American Buildings Survey had it
restored.
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