New Jersey State Museum

The New Jersey State Museum in
Trenton, New Jersey looks out over the Delaware River and is run
by the Department of State, with free admission. Their main
collection of relics and fine art was collected during the early
19th century and houses a 150 seat planetarium and 380 seat
auditorium. The museum created a replica of a hadrosaurus, which
was discovered in Haddonfield in 1858, and became the state's
official dinosaur in 1991. The dino's original skull was just a
model created for the project since the real one had been lost,
but had to be replaced with a narrower skull of a different
duck-billed dinosaur. The museum was the first in the nation,
started to help educate the public about the history and
prehistoric creatures of the past. The legislature officially
started the museum in 1895, and received re-accreditation from
the AAM in 2003. The museum has evolved to conduct a life-long
education of the community and its visitors with its outstanding
collections, programs, displays, publications and scholarships
in archaeology, the arts, history and science. In its initial
start, it would contain collections of natural history, like so
many of its contemporaries during that period, with the first
collections including minerals, fossils and rocks for the
state's geological survey that started in 1836. It would expand
its focus in 1912 to archaeology, acquiring Native American
relics in the area, which were dated from the prehistoric and
historic eras of the past, along with diverse artifacts from the
state's colonial and post-colonial times. It would be the first
museum on the east coast to exhibit a collection of Native
American relics, and after getting these it would begin creating
its ethnographic collection in 1922. Then in 1924, it would add
decorative arts to its collections with outstanding examples of
ceramics from the Trenton-area ceramics industry. As the century
grew older, the museum also began collecting paintings, works on
paper and sculpture during the early 1960s, after having
showcased many collections of fine arts during the previous
decades. It moved in 1964, to the newly constructed Capitol
Cultural complex, after having been located in the state capitol
complex, with the main building being built as a classic example
of modernist architecture, with four floors of space, the
planetarium, cafe and gift shop. There is another structure that
houses the auditorium and gallery spaces, with the museum's
Civil War Flag gallery located on West State Street showcasing
the museum's Civil War flag collection, but on a rotating basis
so that all the flags aren't shown at the same time, and making
the gallery much more crowded. The Bureau of
Archaeology/Ethnology collections contains about 2.4 million
prehistoric and historic specimens that were discovered during a
century of excavations, along with over 4000 ethnographic relics
that were donated to the museum. Their archaeology collections
have become respected as one of the most significant collections
to study the regional life of northeastern North America, and
give important data about the complete span of human occupation
in the state since prehistoric times to the present. The Bureau
of Cultural History preserves and interprets the large
historical relics that have documented the lives of the
community residents from the 17th century to the present day.
This collection houses more than 13,000 relics that document the
state's military, political, cultural, social history and
economic growth, along with excellent decorative arts. The
Bureau of Education offers programs and events geared to the
education of the community, with a wide range of classes
developed for students and adults. The Bureau of Fine Art has
over 12,000 prints, paintings, photographs, sculptures and
drawings from the 18th century to the current day, with focus on
the state's artists, and include; Alfred Stieglitz and the
American Abstract Artists groups of the 1930s and 1940s, as well
as contemporary artworks. The Bureau of Natural History contains
a magnificent collection of some 250,000 specimens that are of
historical and cultural importance as well as their scientific
significance.
Old Trenton Barracks Museum
The
Old Barracks Museum in Trenton, New Jersey is filled with
history, beginning to be occupied in 1758, would it would be
constructed to house the British Army during the French and
Indian War. It was the biggest structure in the young city, with
some 300 British and Irish soldiers coming here to live, built
of stone, and dark red woodworks. There were 20 rooms in the
building, with every one of them containing a fireplace, door
and two windows, with twelve soldiers being housed in each of
them, and two men sleeping per wooden bunk. These soldiers would
receive rations of vinegar, salt, sugar, cider, firewood, food
and candles, with the kitchen being housed in the basement, so
the majority of the soldiers would just cook inside their rooms
with the fireplace used to cook their foods. Naturally, the
officers house would be much more elegant and more comfortable,
with the pigs, cows, horses and chickens being kept outside in
the yard. Those initial soldiers were two companies of Irishmen,
the Inniskillin's and two companies of lowland Scots, the First
Regiment of Foot and two companies of British soldiers with
Swiss officers, the Royal American. As the Revolutionary War
began, the barracks would be taken over by American troops, with
the British prisoner's of war that had been captured from St.
John and Chambly, Canada, would be imprisoned here in the
officers house. There would be four companies of the Second New
Jersey Regiment of the Continental line being raised here, and
in December of 1776, the British and Hessian troops arrived in
Trenton to occupy it. Some of these soldiers would stay in the
barracks, as well as colonists that were loyal to the king,
coming here to be protected by the soldiers. At the First Battle
of Trenton, on December 26, General Washington surprise attacked
the Hessians and captured them in a morning raid. They would
again return to the city and use the barracks, and in 1777, the
barracks would be used as hospital under Dr. Bodo Otto, and
after that, there would be many troops and supplies coming
through the city until the finish of the war. The very last
soldiers to have occupied the barracks is believed to have been
wounded and sick soldiers from the siege of Yorktown in 1781.
Once the war was over and a new nation born, the barracks were
sold and then converted into private homes. After Trenton would
become the state capital in 1790, a site was picked for the
state house in 1791, and the midsection of the structure torn
down to make room for Front Street to be run through here to the
state house. The new owners came in and decorated the structures
and named them, "Whitehall". During the 1800s, there were
numerous families living in the structures, changing them to
suit their individual needs, and from 1857 to 1899, one side
would be used for the widows and single women's home, while the
officers house would become a school for girls and boys. As the
city approached the 1900s, it had become very industrialized,
and the community had grown proud of its growing and rich city,
with a new organization of rich patriotic women, that had grown
up from the Society of the Daughters of the American Revolution
wanted to preserve and restore the old barracks buildings into a
museum. So, in 1902, they created the Old Barracks Association
and purchased the south section of the old barracks, and the
state purchased the north section in 1914, agreeing to construct
a museum. It was finally renovated to how it would have looked
in 1758, with a reconstructed middle section, new landscaping,
windows, balconies and corridors. It became a state registered
landmark in 1970, and a National Registered Landmark in 1971,
and finally a National Historic Landmark in 1972.